沙海蜇的形态与结构

本文描述沙海蜇(Stomolophus meleagris L.Agassiz,1862)形态与结构。     

江鳕和大头鳕形态学的初步研究

通过对江鳕(Lota lata Linnaeus)和大头鳕(Gadus macrocephalus Tilexius)的形态学比较研究发现，江鳕和大头鳕都有胆囊、幽门盲囊，肝脏较大。脊柱和附肢骨骼种类相同，区别仅在于骨块的数量和嵴的发达程度上，尾都是等尾型。     

Early morphological predictors of maturity in one-sea-winter Atlantic salmon

Early separation of maturing from immature fish would be very valuable in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) culture. Possible morphometric predictors of maturation in one sea-winter Atlantic salmon were investigated from measurements of body weight, length and depth and adipose fin length undertaken at 14 day intervals from May until August in a population of 80 individually tagged fish, 61 (male and female) of which were subsequently found to be maturing (i.e. grilse). Stepwise discriminant analysis revealed that a combination of forklength and condition factor proved to be the strongest and most consistent predictor of maturation (over 88% accurate) until August. In August when maturing fish could be easily distinguished by shape and colour, forklength and condition factor no longer had any discriminatory power, but body depth at the anal and dorsal fins were good predictors. A second trial was performed on a separate stock of fish for which the same predictors proved robust. The discriminant functions derived from one stock of fish did not, however, produce the same discriminatory power when applied to the other stock. Hence there does not appear to be a simple mathematical means for the general discrimination of maturing and immature salmon. However the morphological predictors described above could be used for visual discrimination when ‘grilse grading’.     

Mugil curema in Argentinean waters: Combined morphological and molecular approach

A previously unidentified mullet species (Mugil sp.) from Mar Chiquita lagoon, Argentina, was compared with two candidate species Mugil curema and M. cephalus using 12 truss landmarks and three mitochondrial DNA genes (12S rRNA, cytochrome b and COI). Both procedures confirmed that the Argentinean fish were white mullet M. curema. Morphological comparisons clearly segregated M. curema from M. cephalus samples in PCA plot. Similarly, Argentinean haplotypes at each gene overlapped with M. curema reference samples while M. cephalus haplotypes remained distinct. These combined data provide a valuable baseline for further investigations on the geographic distribution of this commercially important species group.     

狼颅骨及牙齿形态结构

对捕捉于东北地区的１０只狼颅骨及牙齿形态结构进行了研究并与家养大型狗比较。结果表明：狼颅骨及牙齿外形结构和狗的十分相近，齿式相同；仅在某些方面存在着一些可鉴别差异。根据测量数据分析，狼的颅骨比狗的大１８％左右；颞窝比狗的更宽，有助于容纳更发达的咀嚼肌；听泡形状比狗的更隆突而近球形；牙齿更强壮，排列更紧密等。并就狼与狗颅骨及牙齿的形态结构方面的差别与生活习性及演化之间的关系进行了分析。     

钾素对棉花生长发育和纤维品质形成影响的研究

钾素有“品质元素”之称,是棉花生长发育所必需的大量元素之一,对棉花纤维品质有重要的影响作用;本文就钾肥对棉花的生长发育、生理特性及其产量构成因素和纤维品质形成的影响进行了综述,并对在这方面研究中有待进一步解决的问题进行了讨论。     

不同抗旱型小麦根系形态与生理特性对渗透胁迫的反应

水培试验结果表明：在渗透胁迫条件下，小麦根干重、根体积、根长度、根粗度、分枝根百分比及平均数呈相关性减少；单株生物量和绿色叶面积减少；根／冠比增大。在轻度渗透胁迫下，根系活力增高，单株日均耗水量明显减小，水分饱和亏较小，水分利用率最大，单株生物量和绝色叶面积最大。     

Reciprocal hybrids of tench Tinca tinca (L.) × bream Abramis brama (L.), and tench × carp Cyprinus carpio L., and some characteristics of their early development

Reciprocal hybrids between tench Tinca tinca (L.) and carp Cyprinus carpio L., and tench and bream Abramis brama (L.) were produced artificially. The survival of all these hybrids during embryogenesis was quite high. The highest survival rate (over 60%) at the eyed stage was observed for tench and bream hybrids (both sex combinations). The hatching rates of these hybrids were also over 60%. The number of larvae with some abnormalities (i.e. deformed body) was low. In contrast, the hatching rates of tench and carp hybrids were very low (0.2%). From over 1000 fertilized eggs, only three specimens started swimming, and only one specimen survived to juvenile stage. Embryos of hybrids and their parental species differ in morphological features. These differences were also visible in the juveniles. Body parameters of juvenile hybrids produced from three species had intermediate values in comparison to parental fish.     

纤维亚麻品种产量相关因素的灰色关联度评价

以灰色系统理论为依据,采用灰色关联度分析方法,对2年（2004年10月～2006年5月）云南省纤维亚麻品种区域试验中参试品种的单茎产量与7个农艺性状进行分析.研究表明,主要农艺性状生育期、初花期、株高、工艺长度、茎粗、分枝数、出麻率对产量影响,关联度大小顺序为茎粗＞初花期＞生育期＞工艺长度＞株高＞出麻率＞分枝数.     

光纤化学传感荧光法测定维生素B2片剂含量的研究

[目的]利用光纤化学传感荧光法,准确测定维生素B2片剂的含量.[方法]利用光纤化学传感荧光法检测系统,将维生素B2片溶解于水溶液中,测定其荧光光谱,定量分析其含量.[结果]该方法维生素B2最大发射波长为533 nm,质量浓度在3.2×10-5～8×10-4 mg/ml与荧光强度呈良好线性关系,检测线为1.55×10-8 mg/ml,日内精密度为0.19％,日间精密度为1.2％,回收率为97.9％ ～105.1％.[结论]采取该方法测定维生素B2药片含量的准确度高,检测线低,结果令人满意.